will inform the market of the details and talk about the stages of the "Rassvet" project.

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According to Yuri Urlichich, Russian operators plan to launch 1,469 satellites by 2028. Of these, only nine are geostationary: two Yamal (GKS) and seven Express (GPKS) spacecraft. In addition, 308 communication satellites will be launched as part of the Sfera program: four Express-RV, 12 Skif, 28 Gonets-M1, and 264 Marathon IoT. Yuri Urlichich also mentioned one Berkut-S satellite (the Berkut constellation for remote sensing services is also part of the Sfera program), one malta whatsapp resource Luch relay satellite, and 1,150 Rassvet spacecraft (this figure is 413 units higher than ComNews data).

If we add to the 1,469 satellites named by the Chairman of the Council of the Association of Participants of the Satellite Communications Market the just announced constellations Gonets.MKA (40 onboard at the first stage and several hundred from 2027) and Gazprom SPKA (six SMOTR onboard and 78 low-orbit satellites at the first stage), as well as Sitronics Group (157) and the forgotten Telum LEO IoT constellation (144), then the total number of spacecraft that Russian companies plan to launch into orbit will confidently exceed 1,500 units, even with the controversial number of the Rassvet constellation.

Yuri Urlichich suggested that two non-geostationary multi-satellite constellations for broadband services in the Russian Federation are unlikely to become commercially successful, and called on Gazprom SPKA to engage in dialogue with its market colleagues on integrating projects.

All these plans are being implemented under foreign sanctions. As Alexey Volin, Chairman of the Sputnik Communications Center and Director General of the Russian Space Corporation, recalled, after February 2022, traditional foreign cooperation partners refused to cooperate with Russian space industry enterprises, to service already delivered equipment, and to update and support software. Therefore, the task of import substitution has become especially acute in the Russian Federation, and the Sputnik Communications Center will largely ensure it. "There is not a penny of budget money in any of the six projects carried out by the Sputnik Communications Center," Alexey Volin emphasized, despite the fact that the Russian government has classified four of them as particularly significant projects (ESP). At the same time, Pavel Tatarenko, Deputy Chairman of the Sputnik Communications Center and Director of Information Technology at the Russian Space Corporation, added that the Sputnik Communications Center still intends to put forward two projects for grant support.

"Russia is not the Vatican or Belgium. We need to provide communications, broadcasting and other services over a vast territory," Yuri Urlichich emphasized the importance of satellites and services based on them.